Themes

Glossary

l
Labour force

All those available for work.

See also: Labour market
Labour market

Market in which those willing and able to work exist.

See also: Labour force
Large Scale Voluntary Transfer

Where the ownership and management of a local authority’s housing stock transfers to a not-for-profit registered social landlord or housing association. Residents must be in favour of the transfer. Also known as housing transfer.

LEADER plus

EU structural fund that aims to encourage diversification and sustainable development in deprived rural areas. Focuses on community capacity-building as an integral part of the programme.Further information » Defra

See also: European structural funding
Leakage

Extent to which the proposed activity benefits people outside the target area or group and the extent to which regeneration funding is held within the target area.

Leitch Review of Skills

This study examined the links between skills and the UK's economic productivity, growth and stability.Further informationThe Leitch Review of Skills, Prosperity for all in the global economy - world class skills was published in December 2006. The crux of the Review is that the UK must urgently raise achievements at all levels of skills and recommends that it commits to becoming a world leader in skills by 2020, in order to compete in the increasingly competitive global economy.

See also: Key skills
Leverage

The process of using initial funding to secure further funds, usually from the private sector, in order to complete a programme or project.Further informationMaking assets work: The Quirk Review was published in May 2007 and considers the barriers which may be standing in the way of more communities managing and owning assets. It also recommends ways we can create an environment to encourage more community management and ownership of assets.

Lifecycle assessment

A process of evaluating the effects that a product has on the environment over the entire period of its life, thereby increasing resource-use efficiency.

Lifecycle costing

Lifecycle costing or whole life costing is a tool that can be used to model the environmental burden of a product or service in order to inform a choice that has the least environmental impact.It looks at a full range of factors that go into production and delivery including materials, manufacturing processes, distribution, use and disposal.

See also: Whole life costing
Lifelong learning

Continuous development of skills and knowledge to enhance quality of life and employment prospects from cradle to grave.

Lifetime Homes

Housebuilding standard developed by the Joseph Rowntree Foundation that enables house structures to be easily adapted in later years eg allowing for modification of a bathroom to enable the inhabitant to remain in the home throughout all stages of their life.Further information » Joseph Rowntree Foundation

Light rail

Street-level public transport system that runs on tracks and where passengers alight at stations. Often operational in major city centres eg Metro link in Manchester.Further information » Transport for London

Lisbon and Gothenburg

The European Council in Lisbon (March 2000) adopted a strategy focused on employment and designed to make the Union ‘the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy in the world by the year 2010’. It set the target of achieving 3% average economic growth and the creation of 20 million jobs by 2010. The agenda set out the way to achieve this with a series of goals in areas such as employment, innovation, enterprise, liberalisation and the environment. Although some progress was made on innovating Europe's economy, there is growing concern that the reform process is not going fast enough and that the ambitious targets will not be reached. The Gothenburg Council (June 2001) completed this strategy by linking it with sustainable development.

Liveability Fund

Government funding scheme for local authorities to improve towns and cities by tackling quality of life in terms of public and community space. It focuses upon the attractiveness of an area and encourages people to use outdoor facilities by taking a ‘cleaner, greener, safer’ approach to streets, parks, open spaces, sports and play facilities, town centres and shopping areas.Further information » Improvement and Development Agency

Living roofs
See also: Green roofs
Local Area Agreement (LAA)

An agreement set between local and national government intending to give local authorities more flexibility in the way in which they set and meet targets, spend funding, and deliver public services.Further informationAll current Local Area Agreement documents for local authorities can be found on the Improvement and Development Agency (I&DeA) website. Local Area Agreements are currently being redeveloped. They are based around the new Performance Framework for Local Authorities and Local Authority Partnerships. The indicators emerged as a result of the 2006 Local Government White Paper.»  Department for Communities and Local Government  

See also: Local Strategic Partnership (LSP), Regeneration Outcome Agreement (ROA)
Local area plan

A document detailing the needs and issues affecting a local area and which sets out proposals for improvement.Further informationSee Oxford City Council's website for some examples of local area plans.   

See also: Natural neighbourhood
Local development document

Delivers the spatial planning strategy for the local planning authority’s area. Documents may be prepared jointly by one or more local planning authorities, and are used to compile a Local Development Framework.

See also: Development plan, Local development framework, Spatial planning
Local development framework

A folder of development documents (including a Statement of Community Involvement) produced by the local authority which outlines the spatial planning strategy for the local area.Further informationSee Wansbeck District Council's website for an example of a Local Development Framework. » Planning Portal Visual Guide to Local Development Frameworks»  Department of Communities and Local Government

See also: Development plan, Local development document, Statement of community involvement
Local economic development

Pursues a range of measures to enhance the competitiveness, diversity and sustainability of the local economy.

Local employment initiative

Project or intervention to improve skills and increase the take-up of employment opportunities in the most deprived areas of England.

Local Enterprise Growth Initiative (LEGI)

Government initiative set up in 2005 to improve levels of enterprise and entrepreneurship in the most deprived areas of England.More information 

Local Improvement Finance Trust (LIFT)

Partnership of public and private sector organisations to refurbish, construct, maintain and manage GP and Primary Care facilities.Further information » Department of Health

Local plan

Essential point of reference for anyone who wants to develop an area. Gives detailed guidance on where a local authority will encourage development eg where the building of houses will be supported. Also clearly states where certain types of development will not be encouraged.

Local public sector board

Pilot scheme to encourage all the public sector organisations (eg councils, police, health, fire etc) in a locality to meet and work together on an agreed services improvement plan.

Local Public Service Agreement (LPSA)

Agreement between individual local authorities and the Government setting out the authority’s commitment to deliver specific improvements in performance.Further information » Department for Communities and Local Government

Local Strategic Partnership (LSP)

A partnership between the different parts of the public sector, with private business and the third sector, in order to deliver services more effectively. LSPs should rationalise and simplify other local partnership arrangements and work with neighbourhood-based partnerships. LSPs are responsible for the development and implementation of the Sustainable Community Strategy and Local Area Agreements.Further informationPublished in January 2007, Planning Together: Local Strategic Partnerships and Spatial Planning - a practical guide gives guidance about the collaboration and joint working between LSPs and the new spatial planning process for local authorities, planners, LSP coordinators and elected members. Published in 2006, Strong and Prosperous Communities - The Local Government White Paper aimed to give local people and local communities more influence and power to improve their lives through a rebalancing of the relationship between central government, local government, and local people.  » Neighbourhood Renewal Unit » Department for Communities and Local Government

See also: Local Area Agreement (LAA), Theme group
Local transport plan

This sets out the main proposals for achieving an integrated transport system, to make it easier for people to travel between locations with public transport and to tackle the adverse impacts of traffic growth. The plans will normally encourage greater use of public transport, walking and cycling.Further informationPublished in May 2007, Long Term Process and Impact Evaluation of the Local Transport Plan Policy: Final Report evaluates the impact of the new policy on local transport plans introduced following the 1998 transport white paper.»  Department for Transport

Locality budgeting

Process of developing and coordinating budgets between all central and local government organisations relevant to community and neighbourhood needs in a particular area.

Low carbon

A term used to identify the need to reduce the consumption and emission of carbon. This affects many fields and activities including:

  • Construction and buildings
  • Transport
  • Lifestyle
  • Renewable energy technologies

See also: Carbon emissions, Macrogeneration, Renewable energy
Low Carbon Buildings Programme

The Low Carbon Buildings Programme (LCBP) provides grants for the installation of microgeneration technologies in a range of buildings including households, community organisations, public, private and the non-profit sectors. Householders can apply for grants of up to £2,500 per property towards the cost of installing a certified product by a certified installer.Further information » www.lowcarbonbuildings.org.uk

See also: Microgeneration

Adverts